Ventilation in the kitchen and its features. Natural ventilation in the kitchen - features and installation How to arrange exhaust ventilation in the kitchen

Regulatory documents require mandatory ventilation of the entire apartment, both living rooms and utility rooms. The kitchen is no exception, as it is the main source of substances that are harmful, and even deadly to the human body, entering the internal atmosphere of the house.

During the cooking process, a whole bunch of dangerous chemicals are released into the air.

Among them are:

Carbon monoxide (CO), better known as carbon monoxide. An extremely toxic substance, even in small concentrations leading to severe poisoning of the entire body. And when the concentration of CO in a person’s blood reaches 5 ml per liter, almost instantaneous death occurs. The main danger of carbon monoxide is that it has neither color nor odor. Therefore, its dangerous concentration can be detected only by a sharply deteriorated state of health - a severe headache accompanied by vomiting. CO is released during any combustion, including when frying food on a stove fire.

Attention! Kitchen hoods equipped with replaceable filters are not able to protect against carbon monoxide. To neutralize it, only a ventilation system that removes polluted air outside is suitable.

Natural gas (propane, butane, methane) is another dangerous chemical component present in the kitchen. It is commonly used as an energy carrier for gas cooktops. But in high concentrations it can not only cause human poisoning, but also cause fire and explosion. Every year, hundreds of people around the world become victims of gas leaks that could easily have been avoided with an effective ventilation system.
Carcinogens are volatile substances released into the air when foods are fried or fats are burned in a frying pan. This is the same child that stands in the kitchen while preparing food, and then settles on the walls and ceilings of the room with a greasy coating. Carcinogenic substances, although they cannot lead to immediate death of a person, like CO or propane, are capable of accumulating in the human body. When these substances enter the liver, kidneys, and lungs, they ultimately cause severe pathologies, including cancer.
Water vapor is released when cooking soups or boiling a kettle. By itself, it is absolutely harmless to humans. But in high concentrations it condenses on the walls and ceilings of interior spaces, causing the appearance of fungus and mold. Fungus significantly reduces service life finishing materials, and can also affect load-bearing elements of the building structure. Microscopic spores released by mold into the air cause severe allergic diseases - dermatitis, asthma, chronic bronchitis.

Ventilation of the kitchen in a living space is necessary. Without ventilation, the smell gets from the kitchen into other living rooms - the bedroom, children's room, living room. Also, without proper exhaust hood directly above the hob, fatty deposits may settle on all possible surfaces - walls, furniture, appliances, food.

Types of ventilation circuits

Before deciding which ventilation system would be best to install in the kitchen, it is recommended to understand the circuits and their structure. First of all, there are four types:

natural ventilation brings in fresh air and expels internal air using pressure levels in the kitchen;
supply ventilation supplies fresh air to the kitchen and removes old air;
exhaust ventilation is based on the principle of extracting air from the room, and the influx of new air is based on the moments of pressure release;
supply- exhaust system anticipates air circulation and exchange using special equipment.

Natural scheme

First, let's look at the features of natural ventilation in the kitchen. This system was used in the construction of old houses. In such a scheme, it is necessary to constantly check all drafts in the ventilation ducts.

It is possible to check such a system using two options:

1. Such ventilation is usually located under the ceiling. If you attach a sheet of paper to the grid, then in the operating state of the system, it will stick to the surface.

2. Otherwise, you can light a match or lighter. If the ventilation is working, it means that the flame will deflect towards the grille.

In the event of a malfunction, the entire ventilation shaft must be cleaned of dirt and dust. You should also pay attention to air duct cleaning. If, after cleaning the entire system, it remains not working, you should contact a specialist. However, such ventilation has a lot of disadvantages, because it is not so efficient in operation, and therefore, in addition to it, it is necessary to install additional ventilation equipment.

Exhaust circuit

Kitchen exhaust ventilation is one of the most popular systems for use in the kitchen. As a rule, it comes in two types:

general - provides for the installation of a fan with a grille that carries out air exchange;
The local system is based on the installation of equipment such as an extractor hood, which helps to draw in all odors, vapors and gases using the fan function.

The most common and modern system is installing a hood in the kitchen. As a rule, it has a dome shape and is directly connected to the ventilation system with an installed duct.

Supply ventilation scheme

This system is installed very rarely. Definitely, it is part of the supply and exhaust circuit, which allows air to circulate more efficiently in the kitchen. Such equipment is installed in the absence of a hood, but it is necessary to carefully check the performance of the traction system. Otherwise, such ventilation will not work, and polluted air, along with fresh air, will spread throughout all rooms of the apartment or house. Most often, the auxiliary element is a fan.

It is worth noting that manufacturers offer modern models that are equipped with special sensors for measuring temperature and humidity in the kitchen. Therefore, their work is completely automatic. Such equipment is not a cheap option and does not fully justify its performance.

Ventilation in the kitchen is divided into local and general.

Let's take a closer look at the exhaust ventilation system, since it is most popular for installation in the kitchen. First of all, let us pay attention to the advantages and disadvantages of such systems, and also describe the features of the equipment.

Local ventilation is exhaust ventilation over the most problematic areas in the kitchen. If we are talking about residential premises, then of course a steam convector and a barbecue are rarely found. This means that local exhaust in a living room is necessary only above the hob.

The easiest option is to use ventilation in the kitchen with a hood as an element household appliances, the required dimensions have already been selected in advance and the required air speeds have been adjusted. The disadvantage of this system is high level noise, regardless of whether it is an expensive or cheap model.

Another, more complex, but interesting option This is the installation of your own, unique hood. This is necessary if a unique design is being developed. In this case, only a kitchen umbrella with inserts that catch grease is installed in the kitchen. The fan itself can be located in the utility room or attic. With this concept, your hood will be silent.

General ventilation- this is supply and exhaust ventilation, which exchanges air throughout the kitchen as a whole. General ventilation has a much lower capacity than local ventilation, since it must provide exhaust over the cutting area, washing dishes and directly above the food table. The inflow is calculated as compensation for the exhaust.

If your apartment has a small kitchen (5-7 square meters), then exhaust ventilation will be sufficient. You also need to remember that for the normal functioning of kitchen ventilation with gas stove, the necessary supply air supply. Otherwise, the fan will rotate, but will not move the air masses. Where to get this influx? For commercial kitchens, it is specially installed, or taken from the dining room. In our case, it comes naturally through micro-ventilation of windows. If this is not enough, you need to open the window slightly.

Kitchen hood

There are two types of hoods:

the first is provided as an air purifier, a kind of filter;
the second type is called a fume hood.

Regarding the first option, the installed filter draws in fresh air, while retaining all the soot, dust and grease inside, and then entering the building fresh air. Another type is more effective from the point of view of constructing a ventilation system for the kitchen. After all, all polluted air is removed from the building through the ventilation shaft. In many cases, it is not possible to install a hood above the stove for some reason. They may be improper kitchen design, not enough space, and so on. In this option, domestic kitchen ventilation in a private house will help you out.

Many people believe that most exhaust systems are very huge and inconvenient, but in addition to the standard models of the “plastic box that works noisily” type, there are also decorative fans. They only fulfill their direct duties - they draw air out of your kitchen, but they also decorate it appearance- the front panels of such fans can be made of stainless steel or entirely of colored plastic or white with bright inserts.

How to choose a hood or fan for the kitchen?

Let's assume that you have decided on your appearance. What's next? After all, as a rule, manufacturers offer fans or hoods of the same type with a whole list with unusual markings. Let's try to figure out what you actually need.

The first thing you need to do is understand what size (diameter) fan you need. To do this, go to the kitchen and measure the size of the ventilation shaft. Typically it will be slightly larger than 10 12.5 or 15 centimeters. We round the numbers down and get the required diameter of your fan.

The next thing to do is calculate the fan performance. To do this, we carry out simple mathematical operations: first we multiply the width of the kitchen by the length and the height. After that, you should subtract the volume occupied by the furniture. We first multiply the resulting volume by 6 - this is the lower limit of the fan’s performance. Separately, we multiply the volume by 12 - this is the upper limit of equipment productivity. These boundaries are necessary in order to choose your actual kitchen fan model. Keep in mind - if your kitchen is combined with a room, then you need to take both rooms into account. It is also worth remembering that the more powerful the device, the louder it will work.

We calculated that for an average 6-meter kitchen, a fan with a capacity of 120-180 cubic meters per hour is most likely suitable, and for a 10-meter kitchen - 220-300 cubic meters per hour. What to do when the size of the ventilation shaft is smaller than the size of the fan and has the required power? Pay attention to fans with the prefix “turbo” in the name. They are typically 30% more powerful than their counterparts of the same diameter.

What you should pay attention to when choosing ventilation equipment for the kitchen

In addition to size and performance, there are several more nuances when choosing a fan. If the owners are worried that uninvited guests may enter the house through the ventilation shaft, buy a fan equipped with an anti-insect mesh. From a cleaning point of view, the devices that are used to remove front panel. If you don’t want the smell from your neighbor’s kitchen to enter yours through the ventilation system, then you need to select equipment with a check valve to prevent the opposite draft.

Ease of use is also not the last factor when choosing equipment. So, for example, the ventilation in the kitchen is mounted into the wall with your own hands, and can be equipped with a cord switch - then you can turn it on and off using a cord. One more useful thing is the presence of a timer in the fan - a built-in adjustable shutdown delay timer allows the fan to operate for 2 - 30 minutes after it is stopped by the switch.

Mounting the fan

Before you ventilate the kitchen, check how clogged the air ducts in the building are. If there is a malfunction, contact the Housing Office or another authority so that your shaft can be cleaned.

Instructions:

1. First, you need to establish the place where you will place the fan, first making a hole in the wall of the required diameter for the pipe.

2. After the equipment is installed, the free space between it and the wall must be foamed.

3. Install a grill on the outside.

4. After all steps have been completed, the equipment can be plugged in.

If your ventilation shaft is not working, you can install more powerful equipment, for example, centrifugal - its power is enough to throw air through the cracks in the ventilation system. But, acquiring the utmost powerful fan, you can significantly cause problems for those who live on the floors above you. The enormous amount of air supplied to the central air duct will turn their exhaust grilles into supply air grilles, and therefore odors from your kitchen will pour into neighboring apartments along with dust and dirt accumulated in the ventilation shaft.

Having a hood is not the only option

Unlike other rooms, in the kitchen it is worth installing not only a hood, but also equipment for air flow. In such cases, install fans directly into the window. More modern version are window or wall ventilators.

After all, there is such a thing as a balanced supply and exhaust of air from the kitchen. This means that if you exhaust air through a hood or fan, it has to come from somewhere. When designing buildings, such importance as a natural air exchange pattern was used. And with the latest appliances and energy-saving installations (sealed windows and doors), such traction begins to disappear - hence the fungus on the windows and walls, increased level humidity in the building and many other unpleasant surprises for the residents of the house. In any case, you will be able to open the window, but this is not an option. In addition to the smells of your own kitchen, you will also get dust and a lot of dirt from the street and a draft.

A ventilator is a small covering on a window (although there are also wall ones) that allows a limited amount of air into the room. Usually consists of two parts:

one external one - insect protection grille and filter;
the second is internal, equipped with an air control valve.

Can be with manual or automatic control. Mounted using the installation method in plastic or wooden window to ensure air flow. A wall ventilator, as the name suggests, is mounted into the wall. This device is also equipped with a grille and a regulator, although there is a wall ventilator on solar battery, in which a small fan is built in. It is these small devices that will help balance the microclimate in your kitchen.

Of course, the price of such devices will be much higher, but this will allow you to maintain a certain microclimate in the room. At correct installation ventilation system, it will serve long years and at the same time work effectively. Wise selection and professional installation of a specific ventilation system will safely and regularly remove contaminated air from the premises.

Due to widespread installation metal-plastic windows Natural air circulation is disrupted in kitchens. At the same time, high-quality ventilation in the kitchen is very important, but its arrangement must be done with skill, so that instead of exhaust from the air vent, there is no influx of odors from neighboring apartments or the bathroom.

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Need for ventilation

Many apartments have gas stoves. When it burns, it releases carbon dioxide, the toxic properties of which are more pronounced given the increase in its content in the air. The only correct solution to this problem is in the kitchen in the apartment.

A properly designed ventilation system in the kitchen is required, even if the gas oven is working perfectly. The need for this increases with errors during equipment setup, which can cause the formation of carbon monoxide. In addition, the gas sometimes does not burn completely, accumulating in the air.

How to properly connect a kitchen hood \ How to mount extractor hood correctly

In other words, when starting work with a gas stove, you must immediately turn on the forced fan of the exhaust equipment. But also electric stoves do not reduce the importance of effective ventilation.

Burning of food begins to be accompanied by the formation of harmful substances that appear as a result of pyrolysis of organic elements. People who prefer to cook food by steaming know that evaporation leads to an increase in humidity, and this also needs to be reduced. That is, ventilation in the kitchen with a hood is a vital necessity.

Types of exhaust systems

Various consumer needs force manufacturers of ventilation systems to create products that could best suit the needs of any customer, so the range on the modern household appliances market is quite large. It is necessary to understand such diversity.

Air purification methods

You can purify the air using different ventilation methods. Depending on which one is used in a particular product, hoods are divided into 2 types:

Circulation systems can be combined with standard ventilation ducts in the kitchen. The disadvantages include high price and expensive maintenance, as filters need to be replaced regularly.

The difference between an evacuation exhaust system is that it can additionally remove excess heat that constantly appears during cooking. Circulation devices do not have this function.

Construction type

In addition to the main function, consumers pay attention to other features of various products. It is necessary that the exhaust equipment fits harmoniously into the design of the room and is convenient to use. It should also be possible to mount on one's own.

Modern devices differ in both performance and installation method, production material, design, and other functions.

According to their design, hoods are divided into two types:

1. Dome. The product got its name due to the shape of the air intake, which resembles a dome. An air duct emerges from the top of the hole, removing air through the ventilation duct.
2. Built-in. Such models can be hidden from prying eyes by hiding the hood in kitchen set. Often built-in hoods have a retractable panel. This makes it possible to economically distribute space and provide convenient control of the device.

Before ordering a set and choosing an exhaust device, you need to plan the room so that kitchen furniture and appliances do not interfere with each other and are easy to use.

At the installation location

The hood is installed taking into account various factors - the area of the kitchen, the location of the stove and the furniture.

Depending on the installation, exhaust structures are:

1. Angular. Installing the stove in the corner saves space and makes the cooking surface accessible. The structure itself has the shape of a dome.
2. Wall-mounted. In this case, one part of the hood is adjacent to the wall, and the other is located above the stove.
3. Island. This hood is installed above the stove, which is located in the center of the kitchen.

Before installing the hood with your own hands, you must carefully read the instructions. For any model there are installation features, but certain general rules apply to all products. This is the height of the location relative to the level of the furnaces. For gas stoves it should be at least 80 cm, and for electric stoves - at least 70 cm.

WE BUILD VENTILATION and HOOD FOR OURSELVES with our own hands

Operational safety

The hood kit certainly includes a fan, which means that the equipment must be connected to an outlet. If the renovation of the apartment has just begun, then a separate one is needed. Using it with only one device will make it possible to disguise it behind elements of kitchen furniture. But at the same time, it is necessary to provide convenient access to it. There is one more rule: the socket must be no closer than 50 cm from the sink and hob.

The kitchen is a room that can be both humid and hot at the same time. Excessive moisture and grease from cooking accumulates on the fan grill, creating the potential for an electrical short. That is why the device must be connected to the mains using a three-core cable.

The electrical wiring must contain phase, neutral and ground. The ground wire has yellow insulation and a longitudinal green stripe. New buildings are already equipped with Euro sockets with grounding, so you just need to connect the grounding cable to the terminal on the plug. It is very easy to identify by the icon in the form of three lines of different sizes.

Old buildings do not have grounding. In this case, you need to organize your own protection. In the event of an electrical breakdown, grounding will turn off the machine on the panel. In addition, it is required to balance the potentials.

Grounding organization

To organize grounding, you do not need to dig a trench and drive metal rods into the ground. It is prohibited to ground the hood to the gas pipeline, heating plant and water supply pipes.

To organize grounding in the house, you need to find a neutral and connect to it, for which you need to open the common panel in the entrance. The wires contained in it are enclosed in a pipe immured in the wall. There should be a threaded pin on it - this is the neutral, which means the pipe is reliably grounded.

Afterwards, you need to take a multi-core cable with a cross-section of at least 2.6 mm², connect it to the neutral and lead it to the required socket. The hood must be connected to the mains using a 6.4 A circuit breaker.

Ventilation in the kitchen. Nuances.

Possible problems during arrangement

During installation of equipment, it is sometimes possible to violate the standard one. An attempt to correct this problem may be to punch a hole (specifically for the exhaust device) outwards or into the . But the desired result cannot be achieved using this method, because the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel does not increase while making another hole in it.

If the outcome is favorable, only a little more than half of the odors from the kitchen will escape into the channel, and the rest will remain in the room. If there is wind outside or draft from neighboring floors appears, then all the polluted air will return back into the room or pass to the neighbors.

As for venting air to the street using a hole in the wall, in this case the Basic structure. This work must be coordinated with the relevant authorities and a preliminary development of the draft of the upcoming changes must be provided. In addition, such a solution can create the risk of condensation forming both in the air outlet and on the fan motor, so a short circuit is almost inevitable. As a solution to this situation, it is better to use an additional section of the ventilation duct equipped with a flapper valve.

The damper is usually made of aluminum sheet 0.6 mm thick or fiberglass or fluoroplastic. It is best to make an aluminum product, since both the thickness and rigidity, as well as the lightness of the damper, are important. The firecracker is triggered more efficiently with a small specific gravity manufacturing material.

The damper is equipped with a thin spring. Its main task is as follows: if the damper is raised up and the impact on it is completed, then it should smoothly return to its original position. Wire for making a spring is needed with a diameter of 0.25−0.4 mm. With a size of 130-140 mm, the diameter of the spring itself is 4-6 mm.

Getting rid of odors

Kitchen hoods often have odor neutralizers. On the domestic market you can find several types:

1. Chemical. Such neutralizers must be replaced regularly, as a greasy film quickly appears on them and they stop working without fully using up their service life. In addition, chemical neutralizers themselves begin to produce compounds that can cause harm to health.
2. Electroionization. This equipment works on the principle of an ionizer, but in any room of the house toxic substances are found in much smaller quantities than in the kitchen. To get rid of them, you will need a powerful discharge, which can also harm a housewife standing near the stove.
3. Ultraviolet. When using these neutralizers, in some cases it is necessary to wipe the light bulbs from plaque and replace them approximately every 2 years, but good ones are expensive. But this neutralizer is not dangerous for people. In addition, the lamps not only emit ultraviolet light, but are also used as additional lighting.

Air duct installation

The exhaust system kit does not include an air duct. It must be purchased separately. There is an opinion that a rectangular metal box looks much more attractive in contrast to aluminum corrugation, but the latter option also has its advantages:

It is quite possible to organize a ventilation system in the kitchen on your own. But before starting work, you need to find out what types of exhaust equipment the modern market can offer today, what kind of schemes and rules for arranging a hood exist. Providing ventilation is a responsible matter, so it must be approached very carefully.

The flow of fresh air is necessary not only living rooms- the kitchen must also have properly equipped ventilation. If we're talking about about the apartment - in fact, most owners do not need to do anything additional: a ready-made system is already there. Another option is that it may not work, or it may work, but poorly - then you still need to act.

In private houses, the installation of a ventilation system is done in the same way as in apartments - however, there are more convenient options (especially if the house has not yet been built). Below we will look at the basic rules and methods for organizing normal air exchange.

Features of the kitchen microclimate: why is proper ventilation important?

worry about proper ventilationfor this roomnecessary because:

food is being prepared here, the smell of which can “eat into” interior items (especially textiles - curtains, towels) and spread throughout the apartment if it is not quickly removed;
the kitchen is often used as a “smoking room”, and tobacco smoke must be removed quickly;
because of elevated temperature(during cooking) and humidity on the windows in winter time Condensation forms faster;
due to increased humidity and heat when air stagnates, it can appear in the corners of walls, in cabinets with dishes (if placed wet), with food.

Also, ventilation shaft openings are almost always located in the kitchen. The ventilation shaft serves to remove “exhaust” air from the apartment - and therefore its operation should not be disrupted.

How to check the performance of the ventilation shaft?

Very often, ventilation in the entire apartment is seriously impaired precisely because of the common (for the riser) shaft - if it is clogged, or if the draft in it is impaired for other reasons. In this case, the air removal system will not work normally.

Protrusion of a ventilation shaft with a hole covered with a grille

Therefore, first of all, you need to check that the ventilation duct is working properly.

To check, tear off a thin strip of soft paper (toilet paper will do). Then open a window in any room, open the doors between that room and the kitchen, and hold the paper strip to the vent.

If the strip is noticeably attracted to the ventilation grille, everything is in order: the system is working. If it does not attract at all, or attracts weakly, the exhaust shaft either does not work at all (does not create draft), or it works, but poorly. In this case, you need to contact the housing office (or the organization that maintains ventilation in your home) to solve the problem - the duct will need to be cleaned or repaired.

Important nuance: if in your kitchen there is a hood that is connected directly to the ventilation shaft, and the hole in the shaft completely blocks its outlet - this is also a problem. In this case, air will be removed only when the hood is running.

In order not to disrupt the operation of the system, the kitchen hood outlet must be connected through an element that has a grille below the opening for the air duct, with a check valve. In this case, the air will escape naturally through this grille when the hood is not working. When the hood is turned on, it removes air from the room, and check valve- prevents him from going back.

Checking the performance of the ventilation shaft (video)

Arrangement methods

If we are talking about a kitchen in an apartment or private house, there are a small number of ventilation schemes. Below we will look at each method in more detail.

Natural system

The simplest option, but also ineffective. The air exchange of such systems depends on the weather (wind speed, pressure, temperature), the total number of floors of the building and the floor on which your apartment is located.

The diagram itself looks like this:

The influx is carried out in other rooms - through open windows/vents, or through micro-ventilation (if available), or through valves ( or ).
Air is removed through the kitchen vent (that is, through the ventilation shaft).
In order for air to pass freely through the windows/valves into the room, from there into the kitchen and then out through the ventilation, it is necessary that there are cracks under the door. If they are not there (now some people put interior doors with thresholds, without gaps) - either you need to put it in the door leaf, or you need to keep the doors open.

In principle, if the house is new and/or the ventilation shaft in the building is working as it should, then this method is quite sufficient for normal air exchange. However, in practice, in buildings that were built 10+ years ago, ventilation shafts may be in poor condition and not properly maintained.

The installation of such a system is either free (if you have windows with micro-ventilation) or will cost up to 10-15 thousand rubles. This amount is enough to purchase and install 2-3 supply valves (which is enough for a 1-3-room apartment). If you also take transfer grids, 1 piece will cost several hundred rubles.

Compulsory system

More effective method- when both air supply and removal (or only removal) are carried out using fans. The performance of such a system can be adjusted: if you need to quickly ventilate the room, just turn on the fan, or turn on a higher speed (if it is already running). In addition, forced ventilation does not depend on the weather or the number of floors.

Operation of hood + natural ventilation with and without a check valve

This is how this scheme looks and works:

The air is supplied inside by the air supply unit. Essentially, it is a pipe that is inserted into a hole drilled into the street. There is a fan inside the pipe, which will supply air inside the room.
Air is removed through an exhaust hood in the kitchen (either above the gas stove or in the wall - we will talk about this in more detail).
The flow is carried out as in natural system- either through the cracks under the doors, or through the transfer grilles in the doors.

In fact, installing air handling units in each room is only worth it if it is a large room (relatively speaking, from 15 “squares”), and/or if 2+ people live in it.

In most cases, it is quite enough to install supply valves or windows with micro-ventilation in the rooms, and install a kitchen hood. That is, we will not get a completely forced system, but a naturally forced one: air will not be supplied inside by fans.

If you compare the cost of systems, this option will be more expensive. The cost of a kitchen hood starts at an average of 5,000 rubles. The approximate cost of 1 air handling unit is about 10 thousand. Roughly speaking, for a one-room apartment you can spend up to 20 thousand, if you take into account the cost of installation services for these devices.

An example of a diagram for a private house, with a hood and a vent (video)

Where to vent the hood?

The options are:

Connect the hood to the ventilation shaft - this is exactly what is done in most cases.
Direct the outlet of the kitchen hood to the street, through the wall.
Install an exhaust fan into the wall.
Install an exhaust fan in the window.

Connecting the exhaust outlet to the ventilation shaft is a common option, but not always convenient:

Sometimes it is a long way from the stove to the ventilation ledge. Because of this, the air duct will have to be pulled far. This is simple and doable, but such a pipe will ruin the interior and take up space (which is often lacking in the kitchen anyway).
Sometimes there is simply not enough space in the kitchen, and in order to save money, you can not hang a kitchen hood.

Exiting the pipe from the hood through the wall (directly to the street) is more convenient if the stove is located closer to the wall than to the ventilation shaft, and the air duct is pulled closer to it. However, this method is more expensive and more difficult, because you will have to drill a hole in the wall, which you cannot do with your own hands. It is also not suitable if there is a neighboring balcony next to a suitable place (for withdrawal), or if there is a supply valve neighbors. In this case, odors from your kitchen may enter their apartment - which they are unlikely to like.

Installation exhaust fan into the wall - relevant if there is very little space in the kitchen. This method is especially suitable if the stove is located next to a street wall - in this case, the fan will immediately draw out odors from the cooking food. The device itself will cost less than a “regular” kitchen hood.

Installing an exhaust fan in a window is a relatively old method and is now rarely practiced. Even if it is possible to install the device in a modern plastic window, it will be difficult to do.

Should I install an air vent in the kitchen?

In most cases, a hood is installed in the kitchen, and the supply is provided from other rooms.

Installing a supply valve in the kitchen is allowed, but it is not recommended: it may worsen the draft from other rooms. Moreover, if necessary, you can simply open the window through which fresh air will flow.

This may be required when in the kitchen:

smoke;
cooking strong-smelling food.

If there is an inflow point in the kitchen through which air from the street will flow, then the room will be ventilated much faster (than if air comes from other rooms).

The kitchen, like no other room in the house, needs effective ventilation. After all, here not only does the humidity level increase due to cooking, but gas emissions also occur. In this article we will look at what ventilation should be like in a kitchen with a gas stove, options for different air exchange schemes and their features.

General information

If there is no ventilation in the kitchen or it works ineffectively, this can lead to a number of negative consequences:

As a result of increased humidity, mold will begin to appear on the walls.
Grease and soot will settle on the surface of the finishing and furniture, and accordingly the room will quickly lose its attractive appearance and become unusable.
The smells of food and burning during cooking will spread throughout all areas of the home.

In addition, as mentioned above, when gas burners operate, gas emissions occur, which have a toxic effect on the human body. Thus, effective ventilation is, first of all, the safety of the residents of a house or apartment, as well as the durability of kitchen furniture and decoration.

Therefore, the requirements for ventilation of a kitchen with a gas stove are the most stringent - regulatory air currents here should be at least 70 cubic meters per hour.

Ventilation device

The construction of any house involves the installation of ventilation, which is planned at the design stage. As a rule, ventilation openings are located not only in the kitchen, but also in the bathroom and toilet. However, during the operation of the house, the system becomes clogged and the efficiency of air exchange decreases.

Therefore, residents have to think about additional measures that will ensure the inflow and outflow of air. To do this, first of all, you need to understand what ventilation system designs exist. In fact, they can all be divided into four types:

Natural ventilation

This scheme is found, as a rule, in old houses. With such a system, it is necessary to regularly check the draft.

You can do this in two ways:

There is always a grille under the ceiling for ventilation in the kitchen. You need to attach a piece of paper to it. If it sticks, then there is draft and ventilation is working well.
You can bring a lit match or lighter to the grate. If there is draft, the flame should deflect into the system.

If such a check shows that the ventilation is faulty, you can try to remove the grille and clean it of dirt and dust, as well as clean the air duct, which is located in the access area. If these steps do not help, you need to seek help from specialists.

It often happens that even if there is draft in the system, the air exchange in the kitchen is still insufficient. In this case, it is necessary to equip the room.

Advice! To prevent the air flow from reversing, you should use a check valve for kitchen ventilation. This device will also allow you to shut off the system if necessary and regulate the flow intensity.

Exhaust

The exhaust ventilation system in the kitchen is one of the most common. First of all, it should be said that there are two types:

General - instead of a ventilation grille, a fan is installed that forces air flow into the air duct.
Local - an exhaust device (hood) is installed above the stove, which, using a fan, extracts all emissions of fat, steam and gas, preventing them from spreading throughout the room.

The most effective ventilation in an apartment is in the kitchen with a hood. Most often, it is a dome-shaped structure that is connected to general ventilation using an air duct.

The cross-section of the air duct for ventilation in an apartment in the kitchen can be square or round. The most common is the 130x130 mm air duct. If its axis is shifted relative to the axis of the ventilation hole, then the connection is made using a corrugated pipe. The hood itself can be attached to a wall or to a wall cabinet.

In order for polluted air to leave a room, clean air must come from somewhere. If installed in the kitchen plastic windows, then there are probably problems with the flow of clean air.

A supply valve, which you can install in the wall yourself, will help solve this problem.

In addition to providing fresh air access to the room, this device, like a check valve, also performs some other functions:

Allows you to regulate the intensity of the incoming air flow.
Filters incoming air.
Allows you to close the ventilation in the kitchen if necessary.

After installing such a valve, the efficiency of air exchange will increase even more.

Advice! If the apartment has a kitchen with a ventilation ledge, you can visually hide it with the help of a cabinet. The best option in this case is custom-made furniture.

Supply

Supply ventilation itself is quite rare in kitchens. As a rule, it works in conjunction with an exhaust hood, resulting in a supply and exhaust system.

If there is no hood, before installing the supply equipment, you need to make sure that common system there is good traction. Otherwise, polluted air will mix with clean air and spread to other areas of the home.

If the outflow of air is well organized, then the easiest way is to ensure a forced inflow using a special fan. This device looks like a supply valve.

The most advanced fan models are equipped with temperature and humidity level sensors, so they can operate automatically. Some of them even have an air heating function. Despite the fact that the price of such devices is higher, they are a profitable purchase, as they allow you to reduce heating costs in the winter.

The installation instructions for such fans are quite simple:

First of all, you need to determine the place where the fan will be located and drill a hole in the wall along the diameter of the device pipe.
Then you should install the device in the hole and foam the space between the wall and the pipe.
A protective grille must be installed on the outside of the wall.
After this, according to the instructions from the manufacturer, the device is connected to electricity.

This completes the device installation process. The most difficult thing in this operation is drilling a hole of the required diameter.

Advice! Kitchen ventilation in a private house, as a rule, is planned at the construction stage. In this case the best option is a common supply and exhaust system. The design of such ventilation must be carried out by specialists.

Conclusion

You can ensure effective air exchange in the kitchen different ways. The most common option is an exhaust system with local exhaust above the stove. If all conditions for its implementation are met, such ventilation will ensure comfort and safety in the kitchen while cooking.

From the video in this article you can glean some Additional information on this topic.